Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is well recognized as an effective renal replacement therapy to remove metabolic waste in blood and eliminate excessive liquid in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The efficiency of PD depends on the structural and functional integrity of the peritoneum. The assessment of the functionality of the peritoneum is usually conducted by investigating the transport of small solutes and fluid. Many studies have shown an association between high transport status and poor patients or technique survival. As a so called "liquid biopsy", esosomes are attractive sources of biomarker in PD effluent (PDE). However, their proteome has not been widely studied. Here we optimized the isolation by differential centrifugation, and applied the SP3 digestion and data independent acquisition (DIA) label free quantitative technology for PDE exosomes proteome study. Through the large scale proteome study, over 2500 proteins have been chareacterized and quantified in PDE exosomes, including many marked proteins with known roles in peritoneal pathophysiology, such as AQP1 (Aquaporin1) and NHE (sodium/hydrogen exchanger). These two proteins play an important role in the process of transmembrane water transport, which can affect the ultrafiltration and prognosis of PD patients. Bioinformatic analysis shoe lots of candidates between high transport and low transport with ESRD. This study suggests lots of potiential biomarkers for peritoneal dialysis and function mechanism for high transport of peritoneum.