Oral Presentation HUPO 2019 - 18th Human Proteome Organization World Congress

Spatiotemporal proteotype analysis of vaccinia virus infected cells reveals dynamic host surfaceome repopulation with viral proteins (#125)

Fabian Wendt 1 2 , Moona Huttunen 3 , Karel Novy 1 2 4 , Jason Mercer 3 , Bernd Wollscheid 1 2
  1. Institute of Molecular Systems Biology & Dep. of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  2. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Switzerland
  3. Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  4. current address: Biognosys, Zurich, Switzerland

Viral pathogens, such as vaccinia virus (VACV), hijack host signalling networks in order to survive and propagate themselves. VACV is the prototypic member of the Poxviridae, a family of large double-stranded DNA viruses that include variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox. For many pathogens, including VACV, the molecular mechanisms underlying successful survival, but also cellular defence and pathogen clearance, are not well understood. Especially, detailed molecular knowledge about protein composition, abundance and nanoscale organisation within the surfaceome of infected cells is sparse. The knowledge about the involved signaling networks and extracellular protein interactions engaged during infection would enable rational engineering anti-viral strategies. Here, we investigated using spatiotemporal analysis how VACV infection perturbs the host proteotype with specific focus on longitudinal surfaceome changes.

Using our recently developed, automated and miniaturized Cell Surface Capture (autoCSC) technology, we took relative quantitative proteotype surfaceome snapshots of VACV infected Hela CCL2 cells across 24 hours of the infectious life cycle of VACV. AutoCSC, combined with DIA-based mass spectrometric analysis, enabled the sensitive identification of the pool of cell surface-residing glycoproteins in a time-resolved manner. Subsequently, the longitudinal analysis allowed for the profiling of surfaceome proteotype dynamics during the viral life cycle.

We observed moderate changes within the host surfaceome post-infection, but additionally detected a set of viral glycoproteins. These VACV proteins are translated and modified/glycosylated by the host’s cellular machinery. Subsequently, they relocalize into the plasma membrane. In order to elucidate the functional role of these viral proteins at the host surfaceome, we investigated their trans-interaction/receptor space applying chemo-proteomic technologies. Together, we found that the cell’s acute infection state is characterized by a repopulation of the host surfaceome with viral glycoproteins which supports VACV survival and eventually immune evasion.